Thesis S2 Free Essays

Osteogenesis Imperfecta Dominant and Recessive Pattern Background Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is heterogenous hereditary issue in the sort I collagen and is described by helplessness bone delicacy and cracks with variable seriousness and assumed or demonstrated deformity in type I collagen biosynthesis. Type I collagen is the bountiful protein making the extracellular lattice out of bone and skin in human body.There are 3 pathogenesis systems of OI: 85-90% of people with OI have prevailing change in type I procollagen qualities (COL1A1 and COL1A2) and latent transformation of OI happen in qualities engaged with deformity of collagen adjusting compounds (CRTAP, LEPRE1 and PPIB) and in qualities coding type I procollagen chaperones (SERPINH1 and FKBP10). We will compose a custom article test on Proposition S2 or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Another OI competitor latent example had just uncovered, SP7/Osterix (OSX), encodes a translation factor containing three Cys2Hys2 zinc-finger DNA restricting area at its C end caused bone arrangement disorder.Methods To recognize the nearness of transformations and the example of legacy in collagen type I from people with clinical appearance of OI (type I-IV). We performed entire quality sequencing in prevailing qualities (COL1A1, COL1A2) . For people that we can not discover change in both of those qualities and dependent on biochemical screening of fibroblast test of patients, we set up entire arrangement for overmodification patients to run with CRTAP, LEPRE1 and PPIB qualities and for non overmodification to run with SERPINH1 and FKBP10 in a companion of 107 patients.We proposed to search for another competitor qualities, on the off chance that we can not discover transformations for patients that we previously run with realized distributed qualities caused OI. Results In 107 patients with complete investigation, we discovered 28 changes, 8 transformations in COL1A1 and 20 transformations in COL1A2. We additionally discovered 1 homozygote transformation in FKBP10. End Key words: OI, overmodification, non overmodification, known distributed qualities of OI, new applicant qualities of OI Step by step instructions to refer to Thesis S2, Papers

Discuss the importance of business ethics in international business Essay

Examine the significance of business morals in universal business - Essay Example In an irritation of the situation of the buyers an undergrad composed: At long last we understand that in all that we do we are either going through cash or being convinced to go through our cash. This is only one way we the shoppers are being misused (Breaking the Chains, 2006). The business ventures can't go on with this sort of misuse. This paper at that point expects to talk about the significance of exacting adherence to moral norms. This paper will be given the postulation that the universal business has gotten exploitative in its craving to acquire benefit. This paper at that point must have the option to present to the open the job of morals in the universal business to edify them to what moral principles can do to secure the individuals as shoppers and laborers of the monstrous framework in the worldwide business. In particular, this paper will characterize what business morals implies and to introduce practical circumstances that can show how the business ventures can turn into the most exceedingly terrible foes of the purchasers without the moral measures. Business morals is characterized as composed and unwritten codes of standards and qualities that administer choices and activities inside an organization (Business, 2008). As needs be, the way of life of the association sets measures for deciding the distinction among great and awful dynamic and conduct. Where business associations are generally endured dreams and missions of giving quality products and ventures, it must be that they ought to watch business morals that are attached to the idea of doing right and choosing best for the more noteworthy dominant part of the majority and not for their own narrow minded intrigue. But then, it might appear that business foundations in the worldwide request have overlooked that their prime concern ought to be the enthusiasm of the individuals. Rather these business enterprises endeavor and crush out more cash and work from the customers and from their work power. Rather than serving the individuals as a feature of their main goal, they deny or scam these individuals of what must be because of them. But then very few attempt would even to battle out or to plan something for improve their working condition or to scrutinize the profound quality and morals of the spiraling expense of products and ventures. This is likewise what WiseGeek called attention to when it composed: Business morals ought to wipe out misuse, from the perspiration shop kids who are making tennis shoes to the espresso serving staff who are being ripped off in compensation. Business morals can be applied to everything from the trees chop down to make the paper that a business offers to the repercussions of bringing in espresso from specific nations (WiseGeek, 2008). Morals for sure should be the still, small voice of the worldwide business world. It ought not be left overlooked in the hearts of any association. Business morals is significant in the satisfaction of mechanical harmony and equity in the general public. Wiley (1995) additionally showed this in her conversation on what chiefs must keep up to keep their organizations: In the present household and worldwide economies, the

How to Get Started on a Research Paper

How to Get Started on a Research PaperWhen writing a paper, how do you know how to get started? Do you know what to start with? It can be hard to start with something that isn't common knowledge. The most common papers are essays or research papers, which is why you may find yourself having a hard time in the beginning.The first thing you need to do to get started on a research paper or essay is to collect data. This includes typing out anything and everything that you feel will help your overall paper. You should also record things that you don't remember at this stage so that you don't forget them when it comes time to write your paper.Now you are ready to write your paper. Write in one continuous paragraph, as it is easier to read and easier to research. Also, having a good flow to your writing will make your paper more enjoyable.When you are done with your research, you want to identify your subject and your theme. If you have enough information, you may choose to go into more de pth with your topic that you are trying to write about. For example, if you are writing a paper about the study of learning and studying, your subject could be learning.Writing can be time consuming so you want to make sure that you will not overwhelm yourself. When I write, I write about 2 pages at a time. I know that is not a lot but you will need to write a lot to make your paper good. You will want to know where to put each of your sentences as well.When you are writing your paper, you want to use simple things and start by writing the introduction of your topic. That way, you can stay focused throughout your paper. Also, you may want to put your conclusion at the end of your paper.Remember that research is not an easy task. Even though you are writing a paper that you think is good, you need to ensure that you don't skip any important parts of your paper. For example, if you are writing a paper about a topic that is not common knowledge, don't forget to include some of the most common terms that are in your paper. Also, before you begin writing, you want to be aware of what you are researching and the ways you will go about collecting your data.Remember that writing a paper is not an easy task. You want to be prepared because you want to make sure that you can move on from the beginning to the end of your paper. Make sure that you will not become frustrated with the process. Remember that writing is an art and takes time to learn.

Siblings of Eleanor of Aquitaine

An Exercise Of American Imperialism - 1381 Words

Professor Walter Nugent, of â€Å"California and New Mexico, 1846-1848: Southward Aggression II,† argues that the Mexican War was indeed an exercise of American imperialism. Throughout his presidency, James K. Polk made a promise to the American people to honor Manifest Destiny, expanding the territory of the United States to the Pacific Ocean. Polk was blinded by his tunnel vision, and was more than willing to pay the cost of thousands of Mexican lives (over twice as many as Americans) in pursuit of his goal. The Mexican government was weak, so, Polk took advantage by sending representatives to monitor, what he considered, the borders between their nations. Polk was aware that this would manipulate the Mexican government to strike, spilling ‘American blood on American soil’. This action resulted in support from Congress to declare war; although, many voted in favor out of fear of being considered unpatriotic. Alternatively, many voted in favor of war in order to expand the amount of representatives opposed to slavery. Polk was not considered a strong nor wise ruler, Isaiah Berlin contends that Polk was â€Å"a hedgehog, not a fox,† he explains, â€Å"Jefferson, FDR, and Bill Clinton were foxes. Jackson, Polk, and George W. Bush were hedgehogs. Whereas a fox has many ideas†¦ hedgehogs, like Polk, have one.† For those reasons, the Mexican war was an unjust war, and a result of American imperialism. Walter Nugent explains that the Mexican War involved such a large expansion, therefore theShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Mexican War as an Exercise in American Imperialism1152 Words   |  5 PagesThe Mexican War as an Exercise in American Imperialism The US government believed firmly in the doctrine of Manifest destiny, the government argued that they had the right and duty to expand through North American because it was necessary and inevitable. During the 19th century Mexico dominated a large amount of North America which was inhabited by American settlers and the American government aimed to expand the USA from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and wereRead MoreEssay on Ir Theory Article Review-Doyle1103 Words   |  5 PagesDoyle, M. ‘Liberalism and World Politics’, American Political Science Review, 1986, vol. 80(4), pp. 1151-69 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY Article Review 17th October 2011. Doyle, M. ‘Liberalism and World Politics’, American Political Science Review, 1986, vol. 80(4), pp. 1151-69 Michael Doyle, author of this article was one of the first IR theorists in modern era to analyzeRead MoreHow Did The U.s. Expand Westward And What Was Its Impact On Native Americans?1114 Words   |  5 PagesPURPOSE 1 Question: How did the U.S. expand westward and what was its impact on Native Americans? Answer: The United States began expanding westward during the 1800s. During the early 1800s, America turned its attention towards the exploration and settlement of its Western territory. The amount of land had been greatly increased by the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, which almost doubled the size of the nation. Later on, the size of the United States increased yet again with the Mexican Cession and theRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Monroe Doctrine1195 Words   |  5 Pageswas established by U.S. president James Monroe and the U.S. secretary of state John Quincy Adams. Their plan of the Monroe Doctrine represented a solid line where the Americans will no longer tolerate interference from European powers in any way shape or form. For the most part, America was minding its own business until Imperialism started booming in the late 1800’s. Latin America was less developed and America saw South and Central America as perfect candidates to extract resources and sell U.SRead MoreCapital ism : The Highest Stage Of Capitalism1538 Words   |  7 Pagescapitalism, and his book of Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism points out some of his main arguments regarding the capitalism as a whole. He regarded World War 1 as an imperialist war, caused by pressures that arose from an immediate development of several European empires. The central nations of capitalism participated to expand their exploitative sphere, which led to the conflict of interests and eventually produced the Great War . Although in Imperialism: The Highest Stage of CapitalismRead MoreThe Enlightenment : The Impact Of The Enlightenment In America744 Words   |  3 Pagesfrom coast to coast also justified international expansion. Manifest Destiny was created with the belief in white racial superiority and a sense of American cultural advantage, and this also shaped their politics. The superior moral values and ethics were associated with American ideals. As a United States Citizen, it was your du ty to expand the American way of life to other areas of the world as they felt the uncivilized world would benefit from their culture, religion, and customs. North AmericaRead MoreMexico s Independence From Spain Becoming A Young Independent Country Essay1707 Words   |  7 Pagessmall margin, but his election was interpreted as a mandate for national expansion† Europeans are guilty of imperialism because in the 1830s and 1840s they took advantage of the young, independent, and unstable government of Mexico by waging an unjust and aggressive war for the purpose of taking away more than half of its original lands. The American Heritage dictionary describes Imperialism as â€Å"the policy, practice, or advocacy of extending the power and dominion of a nation especially by directRead MoreThe Middle East, And America s Imperial Ambitions1177 Words   |  5 Pagesof political violence intertwined with terrorism studies. A postcolonial lens will highlight the adverse effects of American neocolonialism in the Middle East. That is to say, postcolonial studies will explore how colonialism continues to â€Å"subjugate, exploit and demoralize individuals living in former colonies† (Lange Dawson, 2009:785). Particularly, studying the effects of American neo-colonialism on civil violence in Syria that created social, economic and political conditions for ISIS to flourishRead MoreWorld Leadership: Divided Between Cultures, Not Between Countries864 Words   |  4 Pagesto exercise world leadership. However, Fergusons’ arguments that America disregards its need to cooperate with international powers seem to be stronger than Krauthammer’s arguments that America has the ability to control the world because even if Ferguson does not use cultural background in the most effective way, he argues along other authors’ points of view and provides effective evidence to support his ideas. Ferguson (2003) believes that America has reached a higher level of imperialism thanRead MoreEssay The Phenomenon of Cultural Globalization747 Words   |  3 Pagesdepictions or portrayals of cultures have ignited heated debates amongst the international communities surrounding the concepts of cultural globalization. Cultural imperialism also referred to, as Americanization, or westernization, is a homogenization that critics insist the mass media is to be blamed for. The cultural imperialism debate becomes highly important shortly after the decolonozation begins to produce dozens of new states in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific (Lechner and Boli: 287).

An Open Field Where The Grass - 1694 Words

Imagine being in an open field where the grass is a beautiful bright green; the sky is a clear sky blue; buffalos running around the open meadow, and feeding on the open green grass. Well, this was how life was for the Native Americans. The Native Americans saw this way of life as the right way. They had the freedom to do anything they liked, such as cross into different territories controlled by different tribes and invade them. They could pray to whoever they wanted to because the Natives believed in many divine beings. They had the abilities to do all this, until the â€Å"White Men† came into their area, and started to threaten their way of life. For a while, life was good between the two. They were trading and learning various things from each other. The Natives knew the white’s way of living was not the same as theirs. The difference between the two was that; white women would not do any gutting of an animal, instead they would just do house chores, and things th at did not get their hands dirty. The Native women did all the gutting, cooking, cleaning, and sewing; while the men did all the heavy lifting kind of jobs, such as hunting and killing. This was how the Native life is portrayed in the novel, Fools Crow by James Welch. The novel took place shortly after the civil war; a young man named White Man’s Dog later known as Fools Crow goes through his life, and learns various things from the events that happened to him and his tribe. The period after the civil war, was aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the Poem Women by Nikki Giovanni Essay707 Words   |  3 Pagescausality of a bad relationship. The image that is firstly drawn in the first stanza is that of a blade of grass amid a field and the counterpart associated is represented as a dandelion. The idea that can be taken from this imagery of a single blade of grass amid a field is that of growth and also a longing for individuality in the midst of a homogeneous environment, represented by the field. The counterpart, the dandelion on the other hand is a majestic flower, which is often associated withRead MoreThe African Savanna1201 Words   |  5 Pagesdegrees. The average rainfall is between 15-50 inches of rain a year. The soil nutrient availability is higher around trees that are older bigger and less available around open fields. The rich soil tends to be near trees and cannot thrive thrive out in the open. Light availability differs with the types of trees and the open grasslands. Some plants have to survive and fight for sunlight. The decomposition rate is pretty quick because of termites that are in the Savanna. They provide nutrients forRead MoreShort Story: The Three Buffaloes1111 Words   |  4 Pagescould sell the milk and then buy grass for them to eat. That is how they survived. But one day, the owner completely forgot about the buffaloes and instead, he spent the money for his own purposes. The buffaloes couldn’t produce any milk the next day since they didn’t have any food. It went on and on, like that as the buffaloes grew hungrier and hungrier. The farmer really wanted to get the buffaloes some grass so that they won’t starve. It was just that there was no gras s to grow. He knew that the troll’sRead MoreWhy Cattle Should Be Banned1477 Words   |  6 Pagesto switch all factory farmed cattle to grass fed diets is extremely costly. Cattle should be brought back to the natural state of their diets, which is a grazing diet composed mainly of grass, because the final product of meat derived from cattle fed only grass is drastically safer for human consumption. The quality of health in regards to the cows are greatly improved when raised on a grass diet, and Cattle s stomaches are specifically designed for grass consumption. With the conditions cattleRead MoreAn Analysis Of James A. Reed1499 Words   |  6 Pagesattended Coe College where he became a lawyer and moved to Kansas City, Missouri in 1887. Ten years later he served as a city councilor of Kansas City for a year; and then served as a prosecutor of Jackson County for two years after that. His popularity grew substantially and was soon elected mayor of Kansas City. Reed then roc ked to national fame because of his accomplishments for the Democratic National Convention and was elected to the United States Senate from Missouri, where he served three termsRead MoreDeer Hunting Essay examples904 Words   |  4 Pagescigarette when behind me I heard the sound of something moving through the grass. I quickly but quietly extinguished my cigarette in the palm of my gloved hand and turned around. My eyes scanned to see exactly where the sounds had come from, and I only hoped that the smell of my cigarette hadnt spooked whatever was walking behind me. After about ten seconds I saw the ears of a deer sticking up above the tall grass about thirty yards from me. I slowly reached to my right to remove my bow fromRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Essay848 Words   |  4 Pagesand Momaday manipulate language by using, metaphors, similes, and a unique style of writing to reflect on oral traditions. The purpose of Kingston’s passage is to reflect upon her ancestor ’s mistake to establish her values as an American immigrant where as Momaday’s purpose is to remember his ancestry through his grandmother to remind future generations of their family’s traditions. In The Way to Rainy Mountain, Momaday used a metaphor comparing his grandmother to the Rainy Mountain. For exampleRead MoreEssay On The World Of Earth885 Words   |  4 Pagesof those clouds. It seems that all the turbulence was coming from up there. Lets start looking for a place to land. Im ready to step on some hard ground for a little while. Jack scans the surface for an open area where they can land. The two fly for several hundred miles over open water when they suddenly spot a land mass. Look Jess, over there to the port. That looks like a beach of some kind. Maybe we can find a spot over there. Jess turns the ship towards the beach and heads inlandRead MoreOld House Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesThis old house, a place where meals were eaten and decisions were made, holds old manuals, unchanged furniture, and memories from years of living in North Dakota. The walls and floors, curtains and countertops, windows and wood stained doors sit as they were, original to the home. The kitchen windows look out to the green landscape of the small family farm showing all that has been built over the years. One of the first things caught by the eye is an old whitewashed shed. The front has a muralRead MoreThe Irrigation Systems At Universities1508 Words   |  7 Pagesutility bills as well as a high carbon footprint. Therefore the irrigation systems at universities must be highly efficient in order to not be wasteful. Unfortunately, at Baylor we have major irrigation issues. The sprinklers overwater areas of the grass, leaving bog-like areas that are unsavory for anyone passing by, and many of the sprinklers rotate too far, therefore watering large portions of the sidewalks, not only wasting water, but also annoying teachers and students. If it was possible to

Low Risk Aversion Encourages the Choice for Entrepreneurship

Question: Describe about the Low Risk Aversion Encourages the Choice for Entrepreneurship: an Empirical Test of a Truism? Answer: Introduction Cultural factors and determinants impact the business execution quality. Different cultural factors are important to be analysed, as it helps in analysing the challenges associated with handling people at the workplace. There are different types of cultural factors and behavioural pattern that determines task execution. The behaviour aspect of the employees is determined by the cultural practices followed by the company (Eckel et al., 2005). Discussion The determinant factors are associated with analysing the differences individuals and companies face at the time of evaluating the risks. The risk factors impact the business performance and the performance of the employees and individuals. Behavioural aspects of the individuals depend upon various factors which needs to be analysed and corrective measures has to be introduced for implementing the changes. The cultural behaviour of the individuals is associated with cultural practices introduced in the company. The challenges and limitations associated with the process have to be analysed, as this will help in implementing the changes that re necessary for increasing the business performance (Loewenstein et al., 2001). Different factors that affect the business cultural practices are Attitude The attitude of the individuals towards others are some of the important factors that helps in determining the behaviour. This is one of the important tasks that need to be undertaken by the management of the company. The factors affecting the cultural views of an individual are the cultural practices, values, and practices followed. The views of an individual about the cultural practices followed by another individual are an important factor, which needs to evaluate (Guiso et al., 2002) Culture values The practices and the values, an individual believes in is associated with the cultural values. Through this process, the factors affecting the behaviour and attitude of an individual are evaluated. This would assist in evaluating the challenges that can impact the business performance and communication process adopted by the management. Barriers Communication process has to be simple and effective. This would reduce the barriers that might exist at the workplace. The challenges have to be undertaken and analysed in the corrective manner. The management of the company has to reduce the barriers that occur due to communication limitations (Schupp and Wagner, 2002). Ethnicity The values associated with cultural practices and ethnicity is evaluated. This helps in determining the factors that could affect the business execution process. Workplace culture Developing and implementing corrective measures for increasing the workplace culture is an important factor. This would help in providing fair opportunities to the members working with the company. Changes can be adopted and introduced by the management in an effective manner, as this will help in increasing the business performance (Cramer et al., 2002). Factors that affect the cultural behaviour of an individual are- Behavior The behaviour of the individuals depends upon the process followed for discussing different factors related to business Practices This includes analysing the expectations of the people and introduces an effective interaction process. Values The cultural factors are related to identifying the values followed by the people and the process followed for respecting others. Barriers It includes unwillingness of the people to interact with others and adopt the right process for communication Communication The process followed for interacting with people and method adopted for communicating with people for solving the cultural factors. Conclusion By analysing the cultural values and differences it is possible for the company and the individual to introduce an effective system for handing the differences. The challenges faced by the members can be effectively handled by introducing the right process for increasing the performance of the staffs. For this, the factors associated with the cultural differences can be handled and overpowered in the right manner. The process followed has to be analysed, as it will help in implementing the changes that are necessary for improving the performance. References Cramer, J. S., Joop Hartog and Nicole Jonker and C. Mirjam van Praag (2002): Low Risk Aversion Encourages the Choice for Entrepreneurship: an Empirical Test of a Truism, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 48(1), 2936. Eckel, C., C. Johnson, and C. Montmarquette (2005): Saving Decisions of the Working Poor: Short- and Long-Term Horizons, in Research in Experimental Economics Volume 10: Field Experiments in Economics, ed. by J. Carpenter, G. Harrison, and J. List, pp. 219260, Oxford. Elsevier Science Guiso, L., T. Jappelli, and L. Pistaferri (2002): An Empirical Analysis of Earnings and Employment Risk, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 20(2), 241 253 Loewenstein, G. F., C. K. Hsee, E. U. Weber, and N. Welch (2001): Risk as Feelings, Psychological Bulletin, 127(2), 267286. Niederle, M., and L. Vesterlund (2007): Do Women Shy Away From Competition? Do Men Compete Too Much?, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(3), forthcoming. Schupp, J., and G. G. Wagner (2002): Maintenance of and Innovation in Long-Term Panel Studies The Case of the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), Allgemeines Statistisches Archiv, 86(2), 163175.

Gun Control Importance

Introduction Over the past years, the United States Congress has been engaged in protracted debates on the efficacy and constitutionality of federal regulation of firearms and ammunition. A number of federal laws have been enacted since 1934 to bolster such regulations. The issue of gun control has been a matter of discussion since time immemorial with gun control advocates advancing that such measures enhance the government’s efforts to ensure that juveniles, criminal gangs, and other high risk groups do not get access to guns.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gun Control Importance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These advocates charge that the only practical way through which availability of guns can be reduced is by enforcing federal regulations. They have even suggested that stricter policies such as near-prohibition of gun ownership by non-security personnel be enforced and that all persons who own g uns should be registered. These advocates posit that such measures have several significant benefits on society. The issue of federal gun control has also received a fair share of opposition. Opponents hold that legislation of federal policies cannot in any way help in keeping guns out of reach of high-risk persons but rather adds an unnecessary burden on law abiding citizens and security personnel. Moreover, they argue that such controls deny the citizenry the privileges of the Second Amendment. To them, widespread gun ownership only serves to decrease crime levels and tyranny by criminal gangs and government. They further argue that state police powers should be strenghtened as opposed to enhancing federal policies. Some of the most noteworthy national statutes enacted to help in controlling firearms within the citizenry were passed in 1934 and 1968. The 1934 Act envisaged strict registration requirements and a transfer tax on machine guns and short-barreled long guns. The 1968 Ac t not only made it illegal to purchase guns through mail, but also forbade interstate trade in firearms, their transfer to underage persons, and access to other dangerous weapons (Gun Control, para. 2). The Act also stipulated penalties and licensing requisites for manufacturers, importers, and dealers. Crime and mortality statistics have prominently featured in the gun control debate (US Constitution, 2011). Statistics indicate that the number of homicides that have been committed annually with a firearm by persons falling in the age bracket of 14-24 years between 1985 and 1993 increased by 173%. Between 1993 and 1999, a decrease of 47% was realized. Fatalities attributed to firearms from all causes and for all age groups decreased by 22%. For minors, especially juveniles, a decrease of 40% was realized between 1993 and 1998 (Gun Control, para. 1). This argumentative essay on gun control will endeavor to support its thesis with reasons and concrete evidence. The argumentative essay will use pathos-a form of emotional appeal to its audience sympathies and imagination. This will make the audience easily identify with the writer’s point of view. The essay will include at least 3 arguments and two refutations to counter these arguments. The essay will try to validate the arguments by engaging in both inductive and deductive reasoning.Advertising Looking for essay on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gun Control Gun control is an emotive debate that has to be treated with a lot of caution lest people begin arguing with emotions that can be counterproductive. I have been somewhat ambivalent with regard to the issue of federal gun control. Many questions have always been asked pertaining to federal gun control. These questions include: does an individual have a right to own a gun? Does stringent gun control decrease violence and crime?, and, is self-defense a good reason for gun ownersh ip? With regard to whether an individual should have the right to own a gun, it is imperative that one knows that the right to bear arms is an individual and not a collective right. In the Heller v District of Columbia case (US Constitution, 2011), the court ruled that the right to bear arms has always been in existent and that the court only serves to affirm that right. The court reiterated that the right to bear arms is not dependent on military service (Endersby, para. 1). The court ruled that the six plaintiffs in the court case were free to legally own the guns they were previously forbidden from holding. This ruling should be extended to the rest of the population and hence nobody should be barred from owning guns. While it is true that stringent gun control laws can decrease violence and crime, the move can flop and can instead increase the black market trade in guns and other dangerous weapons. Increased sales therefore imply the black market for guns will become profitable to criminals and this will intensify criminal activities and dealings motivated by the drive to increase profits margins. One point that should be made clear is that it is individuals who kill their fellows, not the guns (Malcolm, para. 3). Therefore, it should be noted that gun violence is instigated by sociological factors as opposed to the availability of guns. When citizens are allowed to own guns, the activities of criminals will be deterred. A right thinking criminal would be very cautious when planning to steal from people they openly know are in possession of guns. Indeed, with or without guns, criminal activities will always be prevalent because guns are not the only avenue for committing crimes. Criminals who are determined enough will always find ways of doing what they intend to do. Therefore, enforcing gun control policies cannot have a significant effect on crime and violence. Actually, low homicide and crime rates are not a direct cause of low gun ownership. Law enfor cing officers have established that guns used in committing murders are not registered, therefore, enhancing gun protection through legal means cannot bear much fruit. In addition, guns used in committing crimes are not stolen from registered owners, therefore, there is a possibility that these guns are smuggled from other nations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Gun Control Importance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hence, gun control policies can therefore do very little in limiting the use of these illicitly acquired and owned guns. Gun controls also infringe on individual citizens right to defend themselves when they are attacked. These same laws are not making any effort in trying to restrict criminal gangs from getting firearms from the black market. This leaves law-abiding citizens defenseless. With respect to whether self-defense is a good reason for gun ownership, it is imperative to note that citizens have an inalienable right to use guns for self-defense when they are attacked by gun wielding criminals. Since the government seems ill prepared to protect its citizens from crime and criminals, the only option should be to allow citizens to protect themselves. Therefore, individuals should not be deprived of the ability to come up with ways of protecting themselves. Denying defenseless citizens the freedom to carry guns to protect themselves against lawless criminals only leaves them at the mercy of criminals. Indeed, in the Warren v District of Columbia case, the court ruled that there is no right to police protection as there is no contract between the local police and an individual. The implied meaning of the court ruling was that each and every person should be responsible for their own security hence the need to own a gun. Refutations to counter arguments As refutations to counter the arguments that have been outlined above, it is not enough for people to push for the ownersh ip of lethal weapons just because they want to protect their property. The fact that a person has a right to protect his or her property is not in dispute, but yearning to own a gun to enhance protection of this property by killing one who intends to steal it is not the best way to guarantee this right. The argument that citizens should be allowed to own guns to deter would-be criminals can only hold if the citizens do not have intention to take away life that is very sacrosanct. It is also improper to threaten somebody else just because one is protecting his or her property. In light of whether a person should have a right to own gun, an individual should be allowed to bear arms because this helps protect against domestic tyranny (Kates, para 1). In fact, gun ownership by individuals helps in checking government and police excesses. Police are most likely to be irresponsible and brutal if individual gun ownership is restricted by federal gun control policies.Advertising Looking for essay on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Allowing individuals to own guns may make police weary with regard to infringing individuals’ liberties and abuse of law. Hence, gun control laws should be done away with, however, persons who own guns must be registered or licensed to reduce instances of gun misuse. Works Cited Endersby, Alastair. Gun control. 2000. Web. https://idebate.org/ Gun Control. Almanac of policy issues. 2011. Web. Kates, Don. Why a Civil Libertarian Opposes Gun Control. The civil liberties  Review. 3(2), 24. 1976. Print. Malcolm, Joyce. Guns and violence: the English experience. Harvard: Harvard University Press, 2002. Print. US Constitution. The United States Constitution. 2011. Web. https://www.usconstitution.net/const.html This essay on Gun Control Importance was written and submitted by user Jacoby C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Global Trends and Strategy within the United States

Global Trends and Strategy within the United States Introduction Over the past decade, many tumultuous events have taken place within the United States. Over the past ten years, there has been a severe economic depression, a terrorist attack, a significant crunch of the U.S. stock markets, mass layoffs, and a meltdown of the housing sector. Unemployment rate climbed to an all time high of 10 percent for the first time since 1983 that followed the severe recession of 1980s (Fernald, 1999, p. 771).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Trends and Strategy within the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additionally, following the recent recession, labor and capital mobility have declined while poverty levels have increased. Nevertheless, by the beginning of 2010, the U.S. economy began to show signs of recovery with new job opportunities. However, the wages paid across many sectors are not satisfactory. Normally, changes in the stock market indicators, labor mobility, and rise in people’s wealth are used in assessing the condition of the U.S. economy. In recent times, local economic development dominates the U.S. politics with many calling for the adoption of entrepreneurial strategies. Currently, trends in development policies focus more on job creation and entrepreneurship than on the provision of public goods and social services (Sperling, 2008, p. 78).These strategies are in response to the rising levels of unemployment, poverty, and economic recession. The current trends and strategies within the United States lay more emphasis on the job and wealth creation. The U.S. Financial Crisis The current financial crisis in the United States can be attributed to two main factors: ineffective regulatory mechanism and global policies that influence liquidity. Prior to the crisis, the interest rates in the United States were relatively high. Other countries, like Japan or China, had zero interest rates and fixed exchange rates respecti vely. This significantly affected liquidity resulting to the crisis. At the same time, the U.S. regulatory framework could not adequately protect the local financial markets from global forces. In other words, the past policy options involving incentives particularly the residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS) of 2004 (Moretti, 2004, p. 117) contributed to the financial crisis. In 2004, three factors contributed significantly to the crisis. The first factor involves the establishment of the zero equity mortgages under the past regime (Koven, Lyons, 2010, p. 89). These aimed at improving access to mortgages by low-income earners. Second, the high capital requirements by the regulator, the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (OFHEO), forced banks to offer low interest mortgages to low income earners.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Third, the invest ment banks were allowed to manage their own risks based on their capital reserves. Prior to 2004, stringent rules allowed for 1: 15 equity to debt ratio (Moretti, 2004, p. 121). However, under the new scheme, investment banks at liberty to implement a skewed ratio in order to generate more revenue. The crisis in the mortgage sector eventually spread to include the U.S. money markets crippling the entire financial system of the U.S. and the U.K. financial systems as well. As a result, the money markets could not finance development or personal consumption leading to massive layoffs. Currently, it is increasingly difficult to raise funds for financing infrastructural development. Thus, common global trends focus on wealth creation. Common Global Economic Trends The slowdown in economic growth in developed economies has had significant impacts on the economies of other countries through financial and trade linkages. Before the recent economic recession and rise in terrorist threats, th e leading world economies did not undertake to adopt a common macroeconomic policy to revive the world economy (Fernald, 1999, p. 784). Additionally, in the short-term money markets, both financial and non-financial institutions employ all manner of measures to raise funds for financing their investments. This affected the inter bank markets. Consequently, currently, central banks globally have undertaken measures to increase liquidity of the inter bank markets. However, not much success has been achieved in the inter bank markets. Currently, manufacturing companies have established an operating plan that takes into account many parameters to increase cash flow or liquidity and profit margins. Additionally, under Basel II, banks employ various internal mechanisms to assess their capital needs not only for the determination of the price risks in their operations but also, and more importantly, for the inter bank credit risks (Koven, Lyons, 2010, p. 81). Effective regulation, though intrusive, compels banks to act favorably to ensure economic. Regulators, often the central banks, normally implement policies that specifically promote financial market and macroeconomic banking stability. Recent statistical figures show that the recovery of the U.S. economy is slow than earlier anticipated. The growth in the United States economy is attributed to increased consumer spending despite the sharp decline in household wealth resulting from a reduction in the equity value and increased unemployment rates.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Trends and Strategy within the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Stimulus packages involving temporary tax cuts have also boosted household income (Sperling, 2008, p. 80). However, because the wages are still low, the savings are still low. Additionally, the declining mortgage rates have provided more resources for improved consumption. In other indust rialized nations such as European countries and Japan, various measures have been undertaken to protect the local economies from external shocks. In Europe, effective use of macroeconomic policies ensures the stability of disposable income and prevents external shocks. Additionally, European bloc has implemented a fiscal plan that aims at maximizing the utilization of labor and capital. In Japan, the domestic investment and demand are low with the domestic demand growth rate being 1.2 per cent in the year 2000. Developing economies, on the other hand, remain relatively unaffected by the global economic downturn save for a decline in demand for their exports. Economic Strategies within the United States In the United States, increased monitoring and enforcement of high standards of transparency has been adopted. Because the financial sector is closely tied to the real U.S. economy, many policies implemented aim at improving the macroeconomic environment following the 2007 financial c risis. In 2007, financial institutions acted quickly to increase access to bank liquidity. By December, the same year, a Federal reserve was established to increase coordination between the main central banks within the United States. Moreover, to contain the crisis, the central banks embraced unconventional monetary policies particularly with regard to lending rates. In general, the U.S. strategic policies fundamentally revolve around two main priority areas: enhancing competition and ethical governance of financial markets and reviving economic growth on a long-term basis. Corporate reports of 2008 show that there is a decline in R D spending. A recent survey by the Aberdeen group established a decline in R D spending and a reduction in investments particularly on innovations (Visdwanathan, 2010, p. 2). According to the report, over fifty percent of companies indicated the use of business information systems in 2008.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The report further indicates that 78 percent of companies focus on managing demand as opposed to investing in innovation (Visdwanathan, 2010, p. 7). Normally, fewer manufacturing firms enter into the market during recession times. In response to this, the U.S. has provided a favorable environment for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to fill this gap and create more employment opportunities. However, the output in small companies is much lower than in large firms. Consequently, the employee benefits are also low. Additionally, the U.S. has put in place a stimulus package to put the country back to sustainable economic growth. In particular, the stimulus package targets innovation and the improvement of potential innovations in the various sectors of the economy. In this way, job creation and entrepreneurship can be enhanced. Currently, the policies adopted aim at encouraging industrial renewal and removing obstacles to small-scale entrepreneurship. Mush efforts have been made to i ncrease SMEs access to credit through bank recapitalization and improvement of the loan schemes for SMEs. All these efforts aim at easing the liquidity constraints faced by small enterprises and thus encourage entrepreneurship. This will increase wealth, job creation in the long term, and help revive the economy. Conclusion The 2007 global downturn caused unprecedented collapse of financial markets on a global scale including the U.S. financial markets. Additionally, the unemployment rates rose sharply following massive layoffs, as firms were not profitable during the recession period. A common trend in most countries is to revive the small-scale enterprises. In the United States, various strategies adopted include economic stimulus packages to stimulate innovation and removal of the liquidity constraints that SMEs face and increase access to credit. In recession period, the large firms particularly manufacturing firms scale down their operations. However, small enterprises that the U.S. economic strategies target have the potential of creating new jobs to curb the high unemployment rates. Reference List Fernald, J. (1999). Roads to Prosperity? Assessing the Link between Public Capital and Prosperity. American Economic Review, 89 (3), 771−783. Koven, S., Lyons, T. (2010). Economic Development: Strategies for State and  Local Practice. London: International City. Moretti, E. (2004).Workers’ Education, Spillovers, and Productivity: Evidence From Plant-Level Production Functions. American Economic Review, 94 (3), 117−121. Sperling, G. (2008). The Pro−Growth Progressive: An Economic Strategy for  Shared Prosperity. New York: Simon Schuster. Visdwanathan, N. (2010). Sales and Operations Planning: Strategies For Managing Complexity within Global Supply Chains. Aberdeen Group, 2−7.

Strategic Deterrence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategic Deterrence - Essay Example Clearly analyzing the effect of the multipoint contact on firms strategic moves change according to the level of competition of the rival firm. Strategic deterrence may sound somewhat negotiating between the companies or the firms but ideally speaking it really reduces the risk of incurring losses. Not only that it also helps reduce excessive manpower used if deterrence is not abided. The concept of Strategic deterrence all begins with the primary intention of saving the market from multi market competition battle, which can ultimately bring stability among multi markets. Strategic deterrence is not accepted the moment the multi market contact start to encroach the others market but it is just an understanding that too mutually agreed up activity, which after incurring substantial amount of losses from the companies involved. This situation comes when firms start loosing customer base, profit on sales and the business tending to break-even point, which is generally referred as no profit and no loss point. This position comes when the situation is from a very long time. Though Strategic deterrence is mutually agreed concept is in deed an unwilling act on behalf of the companies involved. It ensures no loss concept but never promises profits out of the deterrence. Strategic deterrence may be a positive attitude but is accepted only by small or medium companies but not by large multi national companies. Its implications on the multi markets are not only largely understood but are but are being analyzed to overcome the disadvantages due to the market encroachment. The markets un touched by this phenomenon is the monopoly market which stands high on sales and profit yet not letting any one step into its market. This is the only market, which does not... The researcher states that today, many companies may compete in some other field, but try to avoid competing in the respective fields. This deterrence is only to avoid incurring losses, unnecessary from his competitor. The competitor may be a weak party, but still would be unwilling to compete. This strategy is primarily to avoid losses during industry shake out for any particular product. It is also stated that some firms compete while others forbear from competing with their ‘multipoint’ rivals — those faced in more than one market or market segment. According to the study it is clear that multi point contact may effect only within the same products or services but not between the strategic groups. There are many speculations that whether multipoint contact deters competition depends on strategic objectives. These predictions are often supported by estimates made by market exit rates. There are many indications and proofs that weak competitors can out survive st rong competitors due to forbearance. This essay aims to presents such proofs. The researcher then concludes that he had a concern that is deeply rooted towards competitive dynamics perspective support the mutual forbearance and resource dissimilarity theories of competitive behavior. Hence, from the essay detailed discussion the concept of mutual forbearance and strategic deterrence is clearly analyzed, theorized and to the possible extent gave enough validations which can bring these concepts and implications to a better understanding.

Strategy and International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategy and International Business - Essay Example Hanson and Ever Ready; BTR; Tarmac. Strategic Planning This style is best suited to businesses that have important potential synergies between businesses, often requiring large, risky decisions and facing tough international competition. This means concentrating on one or two core businesses and divesting peripheral businesses - the fit between the businesses is critical e.g. Cadbury Schweppes; BOC; Lex; STC. Strategic Control This style seems to require some homogeneity between the businesses in terms of their strategic characteristics so that the centre can have a good feel and understanding for each. However, there does not seem to be a need to concentrate upon just one business or industry, or even a closely related set of core businesses, provided that the diversity is not too great e.g. the demerger of ICI into ICI and Zeneca; Courtaulds. Source: Primary Table 3 - Advantages and Disadvantages of each style Style Advantages Disadvantages Financial Control / Portfolio Approach Quantifiable Responsiveness Lose Direction Centre does not add value Strategic Planning / Core competence Approach Empowerment Growth on corporate as a whole Coordination Competitive advantage Effective SBU structure tends to hinder development as competences cross organisational boundaries. Centre out of touch Divisions tactical - by preventing other SBUs exploiting the particular competence of one SBU (e.g. transferring staff). Acquisitions critical Strategic Control / Linkages Approach Centre/divisions Complementary Cost control by monitoring each activity Efficient Coordination Motivation Competitive advantage Problems in sharing...Each style is different in its approach, can offer different advantages to the corporation, but has different strengths and weaknesses. This style works when the businesses in the group are largely autonomous and the centre can act to improve performance in each business, often by turnaround of under-performing businesses, and ultimate disposal e.g. Hanson and Ever Ready; BTR; Tarmac. This style is best suited to businesses that have important potential synergies between businesses, often requiring large, risky decisions and facing tough international competition. This means concentrating on one or two core businesses and divesting peripheral businesses - the fit between the businesses is critical e.g. Cadbury Schweppes; BOC; Lex; STC. This style seems to require some homogeneity between the businesses in terms of their strategic characteristics so that the centre can have a good feel and understanding for each. However, there does not seem to be a need to concentrate upon just one business or industry, or even a closely related set of core businesses, provided that the diversity is not too great e.g. the demerger of ICI into ICI and Zeneca; Courtaulds. Portfolio/Financial Control companies are likely to develop into unrelated products/markets/processes, usually by acquisition, with the decision likely to rest on wheth

Warfare During The Crusades Essay Example for Free

Warfare During The Crusades Essay Medieval warfare is the combat of the middle Ages. In Europe several changes like technological, cultural, and social developments had brought about a dramatic alteration in the nature of warfare from ancient times, altering military procedures and the function of cavalry and artillery. Analogous transformations in patterns of warfare as well were introduced in other parts of the world. The Crusades were a succession of military conflicts of a religious nature which took place in the years 1095–1291, more often than not authorized by the Pope in the name of Christendom. The Crusades in the beginning had the purpose of recapturing Jerusalem and the consecrated Holy Land from Muslim canon and were instigated in rejoinder to a call from the Eastern Orthodox Byzantine realm for help in opposition to the spreading out of the Muslim Seljuq dynasty into Anatolia. The European and the Muslim styles of warfare during the time of the First and Second Crusade had developed several distinct characteristics which decided the success of the crusades. The warfare of middle ages demonstrated the superiority of mounted cavalry over traditional ground forces, which helped to set the nature that medieval warfare that would maintain for the next several centuries. According to The Second Crusade and the Cistercians by Gervers the perchance the most significant technological change in warfare in Europe was the introduction of the stirrup, which was introduced in Europe in the 8th century, but was previously in use in the Middle East. The stirrup, accompanied with horse breeding and more sophisticated iron and steel working, helped in development of far more powerful cavalry. In European warfare, the heavily-armored knight became central where as in Muslim warfare lightly armored horse archers did so. The book The Invention of the Crusades by Tyerman describes that it is almost certainly a mistake to have a discussion of medieval European armies during the middle ages, as Europe was culturally varied continent and each region in it had their characteristic style of warfare. Medieval Anglo-French armies could be divided into three segments termed as battles or battalions such as the vanguard or forward, the center or main-battle, and the rearguard or backward. The front line was often composed of archers and other elective long-range weapons, like slings and stones and the rare lightweight simple catapults, while the center was composed of infantry and armored cavalry (knights), and the rearguard was sometimes comprised of more nimble cavalry. The usual order of March was front line, center, and rearguard, and the three battles took their position on the battlefield with the vanguard on the right, the center in the center and the rearward on the left. On the other hand, as armies grew larger and more cumbersome they often positioned as they arrived on the field. Each section in European army were positioned in either linear or block formation Where as, in the countries of the Middle East following Muslim tactics of warfare, the main forces were positioned in the battle field somewhere in the between. The main determinant of the Muslim tactics during the crusades was the predominant position of the horse archer in their army. As a light cavalry, the horse archers that made up the bulk of the Islamic armies were highly mobile. This mobility was used in four ways which gave the Turks an advantage over the European armies which could be highly dangerous when they approached for close combat. Where as, the Eastern European armies were in general high in horse archers and noble cavalry. The nobles were light lance cavalry in armor, until the armies were westernized, like the Polish knights. The light cavalry were also effective against similar cavalry deployed by the Muslims and, afterward, the Golden Horde. The heavy cavalry wore brigandine, and later on, plate armor. The light cavalry were dressed in leather or brigandine if they could afford it. Eastern Europe as well produced decent foot archers, because of the horse archer custom, but they usually had poor weighty infantry, more often than not spear or axe-armed levies. In European army cavalries were made depending on the situation. While a group of horsemen was undoubtedly efficient, cavalry in tight formations wielding lances became devastating forces. The most ordinary formation was the line or linear form. The horsemen arranged themselves in a long line, commonly three or four ranks deep and then charge. On the other hand, in Muslim cavalry a well-trained infantry force capable of withstanding any attack employed forces in a wedge formation. The horses were arranged in a large triangle, with the most heavily armored cavalry at the front. When the wedge came into contact with the infantry line, customarily it used to cave in on itself, allowing an infantry charge to move in and scatter the remaining forces. According to Medieval Canon Law and the Crusader by Brundage, as a light cavalry, the horse archers that made up the bulk of the Islamic armies were highly mobile. This mobility was used in four ways which gave the Turks an advantage over the European armies which could be highly dangerous when they approached for close combat. As Muslim cavalry became the prevailing force on the battleground, it in addition became necessary for European forces to come up with ways to counteract them. One accepted method was the use of pikes, which were spears that sometimes reached lengths of twenty feet. As the cavalry charged, the pike men arranged themselves in a tight square or orb formation, which prevented the horses from penetrating too deeply into the infantry line. With a large block of pikes shielding the stern and flanks, armies could move into an effective position without being routed. The experience level and tactical choreography aptitude of medieval armies different widely, were depending on the period and region. For larger battles, both in European and Muslim warfare pre-battle planning characteristically consisted of a council of the war leaders, which could either be the common laying down a plan or a loud debate between the different leaders, depending on how much authority the general possessed. Battleground infrastructure previous to the advent of strict lines of announcement and were naturally very difficult. Interactions often took place with the help of standards, oriflammes, banners, flags, etc. The book Medieval Canon Law and the Crusader by Brundage provides that the infantry, including missile troops, were typically employed by the European army at the onset of the battle to break open infantry formations while the cavalry shot to defeat its opposing force. When one side acquired superiority in cavalry or had it at the onset of battle it attempted to make use of the loss of cohesion in the conflicting infantry lines caused by the infantry conflict to hit the opposing infantry and attempt to rout it. This was often difficult, and careful timing was essential for a direct cavalry assault, as an ordered infantry line may often be able to beat off the cavalry attacks. Where as Muslims used to fight with arrows. The mobility of the Muslims helped them in attacking the enemy and forcing him to fight on the march. Instead of the Europeans sitting in a circle and gradually being killed by arrows, they marched toward either safety or where they supposed the enemy to be. This allowed for even greater possibilities of the use of the Muslims mobility in battle to come into distance, attack with arrows and move back away from the distance in which the slower loading crossbow could be used against them. Cannons were introduced to the battleground by European cavalry in the later medieval period. The Invention of the Crusades by Tyerman describes that on the other hand, their very poor rate of fire, which over and over again meant that only one shot was fired in the course of an entire battle and their imprecision, made them more of psychological force multiplier than an effectual anti-personnel weapon. Later on in medieval warfare, the rate of fire improved only to some extent, but the cannons became far easier to aim, mainly since they were smaller and much closer to their wielder. Their users could be easily protected, because the cannons were lighter and could be moved far more quickly. Arab warriors respected archery as a valuable skill for war and even as a sport in times of peace. The great number of archers in the armies of Islam often gave them a decisive advantage and helped them win in the wars. According to The Second Crusade and the Cistercians by Gervers the flights of arrows were used mostly by the Muslims to obliterate any consistency that the Europeans possessed, and cause them to lose horses on top. This loss of horses was a major blow to the main weapon of the Crusaders especially to the heavy cavalry charge with lances in rest. The horse archers themselves could loose their arrows from the saddle without halting or dismounting, and even shoot backwards while in retreat. The complex bow was a light weapon which frequently did not penetrate the armor far enough to cause injury to the wearer. Because of thick pads of felt and the mail worn by knights, the arrows were often seen sticking out of warriors who just continued on their way. Breakdowns in federal states resulted in the rise of a number of Muslim groups that turned to large-scale pillage as a source of income. As these groups were by and large small and required to move quickly, building defenses was a good way to endow with refuge and defense for the people and the wealth in the region. In the Medieval period surrounding armies used a wide diversity of siege engines as well as scaling ladders, battering rams; siege towers and different types of catapults like the mangonel, onager, etc. Advances in the action of sieges gave rise to the development of an array of defensive counter-measures. According to Medieval Canon Law and the Crusader, by Brundage, in particular, medieval fortifications in Muslin warfare became increasingly stronger for instance, the arrival of the concentric castle from the period of the Crusades and more hazardous to attackers, witness the rising use of machicolations and murder-holes, also the preparation of boiling oil, molten lead or hot sand. Arrow slits, hidden doors for sallies, and deep water wells were also integral to oppose siege at this time. Constructors of castles paid meticulous attention to shielding entrances, protecting gates with drawbridges, portcullises, etc. Wet animal skins were frequently draped over gates to hold back fire. Moats and other water military protection, whether natural or increased, were also imperative to protectors. In the European Middle Ages, practically all large cities were encompassed within city walls. Dubrovnik in Dalmatia is a remarkable and well-preserved instance and more vital cities had citadels, forts or castles. Great endeavor was expended to make certain an excellent water supply inside the city in case of blockade. In some cities, long tunnels were built to carry water into the city. According to Anatomy of a Crusade by Powell, the main determinant of the Muslim strategy during the crusades was the prime position of the horse archer in their army. As a light cavalry, the horse archers that made up the bulk of the Islamic armies were highly mobile. This mobility gave the Muslims an advantage over the European armies which could be highly dangerous when they approached for close combat. High mobility allowed the Islamic army to maintain a distance from the enemy and choose the moment at which they would close with them. Use of this mobility was the feigned retreat which allowed them to lead the Europeans into ambushes or to cause a fake retreat to last for some days to tire the enemy. Good mobility allowed them to attack the weakest points in the enemys army. This caused chaos while traveling, and in a battle it allowed the Muslims to attack the crusaders without ever coming into a pitched battle with the main body of the Europeans until they were worn-down and had lost all support from the flanks of the attack in battle. Another positive side of Muslim warfare was well built fortification system. These factors facilitated the Muslims in the battle. The Crusaders Kingdom by Prawer defines that the infantry, including missile troops, were typically employed by the European army at the onset of the battle to break open infantry formations while the cavalry shot to defeat its opposing force. Another method utilized by the English was the use of massed archers. The English longbow was a particularly devastating weapon of warfare. With the invention of gunpowder, the traditional methods of defense of the Muslims became less and less effective against a determined siege. Cannons were introduced to the battleground by European cavalry in the later medieval period. These factors gave the European side an advantage in the battle. In conclusion it could be mentioned that history helps out us to identify ourselves, recognize who we are and be acquainted with the origin where we come from. We over and over again shrink back from hearing about our chronological times of yore for the reason that so much of it is excruciating. The European and the Muslim styles of warfare during the time of the First and Second Crusade had developed several distinct characteristics like modification in cavalry, invention of gun powder, canons, new methods of fortification, etc. Instead of all developments it could only be concluded that battles in all ages have brought only destruction. References: Brundage, C; Medieval Canon Law and the Crusader (HBT Publishers Pvt.Ltd. 2000) Prawer, H A; The Crusaders Kingdom (Allied Publishers 1998) Powell, M; Anatomy of a Crusade (ABP Ltd 2001) Gervers, V; Second Crusade and the Cistercians (HBT Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2000) Tyerman, J; Invention of the Crusades (Allied Publications 2001) Kar, P; History of Europe; Vol. III (Dasgupta Chatterjee 2005) King, H; Introduction to War; Vol. II (HBT Brooks Ltd. 2005) Lamb, Davis; Cult to Culture: The Development of Civilization on the Strategic Strata. (National Book Trust. 2004)

Spring Reawakened: The Mind and Matter of Rock and Rebellion Essay

What constitutes a rebellion against conformity? Is the desire for revolution a matter of action or simply a state of mind? In the 1990s, America’s counterculture was founded on the alternative, grunge, and punk rock movements that embodied the spirit of intrapersonal tension and social upheaval. The ideas emphasized through this counterculture have utilized and influenced many art forms, including theatre. Steven Sater’s Spring Awakening exudes the same unruly spirit of the ‘90s, but the musical’s setting, 19th century Germany, does little to connect contemporary audiences to the themes. To accentuate the rebellious spirit inherent in the script, an adaptation of the play will be set in America during the 1990s. Furthermore, the internal conflicts within the three protagonists, Wendla Bergman, Moritz Stiefel, and Melchior Gabor—who each represent a facet of Sigmund Freud’s map of the human subconscious—will be externalized through the characters’ use of live musical instruments onstage. In each of the Poetics’ categories, alterations will be made to the original production in order to liberate its underlying turmoil. The plot will be restructured as a framed narrative, known as the Chinese box device. Essentially, Spring Awakening will become a â€Å"story within a story.† The first scene, in which Wendla asks her mother about human conception, will be truncated and will serve as the external frame of the story. Wendla’s mother will conclude the scene with â€Å"In order for a women to conceive a child†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Sater 17). Then, plot will jump to the subsequent scene, which begins inside the framed narrative and proceed as normal. After the song â€Å"Those You’ve Known,† the musical will return to the first scene, the framing device, and conclude ... .... Simultaneously, the actors will have to â€Å"rock out† during musical numbers while singing and playing instruments. Every decision made in this production of Spring Awakening focuses on highlighting themes of rebellion, psychological conflict, and the ability of high-energy rock music to influence social movements. These ideas are present in the script, but are buried beneath an ineffectual setting; fortunately, their universal applicability allows the musical to be transplanted into a more relatable time period. When established during the American alternative rock movement of the 1990s, the musical invites contemporary audiences to think of rebellion as a psychological and behavioral matter, a form of personal motivation, and not simply the product of teenage angst. The heart of Spring Awakening ultimately lies in this deep, thematic resonance and restless spirit.

Contribute to the Child and Young Person Development Essay

An explanation of how to give adult support to the children for each of these transitions. If the child has had a death in the family. For instance, a child that they miss their parents or families and they want to be with parents and don’t like to stay at the nursery, firstly they need to be reassured, hugged and soothed, so they can feel that you are there to help them to listen to them, I can talk to them and encourage him or her to do some activities that can help the child to forget the parents for a certain hile, I can encourage him or her to play with other children, tell them a story, or bring them in a home corner to have a quiet time or 1 to 1 talking so they can express their feelings and afterwards they’ll might feel like getting involved with other children when they feel more comfortable and they can make friends and make their bereavement fade with time. They will also need therapy so they can talk through this difficulty or psychologists to help the chil d. Going to nursery. Going to nursery for the first time is not easy, the child might be worried because they don’t have friend there, they don’t know anyone and they don’t know what do, most of the children, will be shy, and so on. As a nursery practitioner I need to know how to deal with children at the first time in the nursery and I need to think of what best I can do to help them settle in, to make the children development progress. It would be good to meet the parents and child before starting nursery, to see the child daily environment by a home visit. Some children find it difficult to separate from mummy when starting the nursery and might cry, I can seat him or she on my lap reassuring the child, talk to him or her 1 to 1 let the child know that mummy will come back later after lunch, at this time children need to be hug and soothe so they know I am there to help them, take care of them, give them love, I can introduce the other children to him or her, the child might get interested in what other children are doing so I can encourage and help the child to join in. Some might take a while to settle in and might cry they might have a special toy that they use for comfort and bring it with them. All the staff of the nursery will need to work hard to encourage the child to take part in activities, to make him or her feel welcome. I could talk to parents to know more the child’s like and dislikes and use the knowledge to make an interesting activity for the child. Also allow them visits beforehand to the nursery and so they became familiar with the staff. Moving home/ country. Families who moved from one place to another, it’s quite hard for the child to adjust to a new environment, education and people. But I can do a various activities to help assist the child to deal with their emotional feelings while transition takes place. If a child is new, I can encourage the child to talk about where they used to be, I could look at a map with other children and show where he is from and how far he come from, maybe we could encourage the child to draw a picture of the new nursery to send it to ask his parents to send it to their friend in that country or even family e. . grandmother. Allow the child time to settle in. I can spend time with the child doing 1:1 activities so that they can get to know me. Admitted to hospital. When a child has a long term medical condition and needs to be admitted to hospital very often, it gets hard on the child when coming back to school as they have missed much, I can keep in contact with the parents to know the child progr ess, I could arrange to bring the child homework so he or she can keep up with the rest of the children, I could arrange to visit him or her with some student at a time to encourage him or her. If it was a child from a nursery I could prepare some activities to take to the hospital for the child to make him or her fell included, encourage the children in the nursery to do a get well card, once the child was back at the nursery I could arrange a game of dressing up of doctors.

A Theoretical Framework Of Disability Employment - 1333 Words

Setting The study will take place in an inner-city college in the North East of England. The study will take place in life skills department of the college, with one hundred percent of the students having a learning difficulty or disability. The life skills programme population has students with varying degrees of learning needs and physical disabilities, such as Downs Syndrome, Autism, Cerebral Palsy and Intellectual Disabilities. The study will also include the parents and carers of the young people with learning difficulties and disabilities. Evidence collection The research will consist of three phases of inquiry: anonymous online surveys, pilot focus groups and semi-structured interviews. The intention of the pilot studies is to help aid and refine my methodology and to contribute to the development of the conceptual framework. The goal of the interviews and focus groups will be to gather data to establish a theoretical framework of disability employment. The interview model will consist of semi-structured questions to elicit participant’s perceptions, views and beliefs of employment opportunities and services for those with learning difficulties and disabilities in a detailed and comprehensive manner. Method The research will begin by applying an interpretivism view. Interpretivism is the philosophical perspective for this study because it allows the exploration of the perceptions, views and beliefs of parents/carers and young people. It is important toShow MoreRelatedCompetency Based Assessment and Interviewing1653 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerns can offer challenges for clinical social workers. Several interviewing techniques that can help with some of these challenges will be outlined. Assessment Assessment is a basic skill of generalist social workers. As my current place of employment does not employ any defined assessment, I will utilize information from a generalist text and a sample assessment. 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